Sodium Chlorate vs. Sodium Chloride

Attribute	Sodium Chlorate	Sodium Chloride
Chemical Formula	NaClO3	NaCl
Common Name	Sodium Chlorate	Sodium Chloride
Appearance	White crystalline solid	White crystalline solid
Uses	Herbicide, oxidizing agent	Seasoning, food preservative, de-icing agent
Solubility in Water	Very soluble	Soluble

Introduction

Sodium chlorate and sodium chloride are two different chemical compounds that contain sodium. While they may sound similar, they have distinct properties and uses. In this article, we will compare the attributes of sodium chlorate and sodium chloride to understand their differences.

Chemical Composition

Sodium chlorate, with the chemical formula NaClO3, is a compound made up of sodium, chlorine, and oxygen. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water. On the other hand, sodium chloride, with the chemical formula NaCl, is commonly known as table salt. It is composed of sodium and chlorine ions and is also soluble in water.

Physical Properties

Sodium chlorate is a hygroscopic solid, meaning it absorbs moisture from the air. It has a melting point of 248 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 300 degrees Celsius. In contrast, sodium chloride is a crystalline solid with a melting point of 801 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 1,413 degrees Celsius. Sodium chloride is also known for its characteristic salty taste.

Uses

Sodium chlorate is primarily used as an herbicide, as it is effective in killing weeds and unwanted vegetation. It is also used in the production of chlorine dioxide, which is a bleaching agent in the pulp and paper industry. On the other hand, sodium chloride is widely used as a seasoning and preservative in food. It is also used in the production of chemicals, de-icing roads, and water softening.

Toxicity

Sodium chlorate is considered toxic and can be harmful if ingested or inhaled. It can cause irritation to the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal system. In contrast, sodium chloride is essential for human health and is required for various bodily functions. However, excessive consumption of sodium chloride can lead to health problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.

Environmental Impact

Sodium chlorate is classified as an environmental hazard and can be harmful to aquatic life. It is important to handle and dispose of sodium chlorate properly to prevent contamination of water bodies. Sodium chloride, on the other hand, is a naturally occurring compound and is not considered harmful to the environment when used in moderation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, sodium chlorate and sodium chloride are two distinct compounds with different properties and uses. While sodium chlorate is primarily used as an herbicide and in the production of chlorine dioxide, sodium chloride is commonly used as table salt and in various industrial applications. It is important to understand the differences between these two compounds to use them safely and effectively.