Rousseau vs. Wordsworth

Attribute	Rousseau	Wordsworth
Philosophy	Enlightenment, natural state of man	Romanticism, connection to nature
View on society	Criticized society's corrupting influence	Believed in the purity of nature and simple living
View on nature	Believed in the goodness of nature	Found solace and inspiration in nature
Writing style	Philosophical essays and autobiographical works	Poetry focused on nature and emotions

Background

Jean-Jacques Rousseau and William Wordsworth were both influential figures in the realm of literature and philosophy during the 18th and 19th centuries. Rousseau, a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer, is best known for his work in political philosophy and his contributions to the Enlightenment period. Wordsworth, on the other hand, was an English Romantic poet who played a key role in the Romantic movement in literature. Despite their differing backgrounds and areas of expertise, both Rousseau and Wordsworth shared a deep connection to nature and a belief in the importance of individual freedom.

Views on Nature

Rousseau and Wordsworth both held a profound reverence for nature, viewing it as a source of inspiration and spiritual renewal. Rousseau believed that nature was inherently good and that society corrupted individuals, leading to inequality and injustice. In his work, such as "Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men," Rousseau argued that returning to a state of nature would lead to a more harmonious and just society. Similarly, Wordsworth's poetry often celebrated the beauty and power of nature, portraying it as a source of solace and wisdom. His famous poem "Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey" reflects his belief in the restorative power of nature.

Concept of the Noble Savage

Rousseau is often associated with the concept of the "noble savage," which refers to the idea that humans are inherently good and virtuous in their natural state. He believed that society's institutions and norms corrupted individuals, leading to inequality and moral decay. In contrast, Wordsworth did not explicitly endorse the concept of the noble savage, but his poetry often depicted individuals in a state of nature as more pure and authentic than those living in society. Both Rousseau and Wordsworth shared a belief in the importance of reconnecting with nature to rediscover one's true self and moral compass.

Views on Society

While Rousseau and Wordsworth both critiqued society for its corrupting influence on individuals, they had differing views on the role of society in shaping human behavior. Rousseau believed that society's institutions, such as government and religion, were responsible for perpetuating inequality and oppression. In his work "The Social Contract," Rousseau argued for a more egalitarian and democratic society based on the general will of the people. Wordsworth, on the other hand, was more ambivalent towards society, recognizing both its potential for moral corruption and its capacity for fostering community and connection. His poetry often explored the tension between individual freedom and social responsibility.

Impact on Literature

Rousseau's ideas on nature, society, and the individual had a profound impact on the development of Romanticism in literature. His emphasis on the importance of individual freedom and authenticity influenced writers such as Wordsworth, who sought to capture the beauty and power of nature in their work. Wordsworth's poetry, in turn, helped to popularize the Romantic movement and inspire future generations of writers and artists. Both Rousseau and Wordsworth's works continue to be studied and celebrated for their insights into the human experience and their enduring relevance in today's world.