Research vs. Scientific Research

Attribute	Research	Scientific Research
Goal	Seeking knowledge or understanding	Seeking to discover new knowledge through systematic investigation
Methodology	Can vary widely depending on the field	Follows a structured and rigorous scientific method
Objectivity	May involve subjective interpretation	Strives for objectivity and impartiality
Peer Review	May or may not undergo peer review	Usually undergoes peer review by experts in the field
Results	Can be qualitative or quantitative	Results are typically quantitative and reproducible

Definition

Research is a systematic investigation into a specific topic or issue with the aim of discovering new facts, interpreting existing information, or reaching new conclusions. It involves gathering data, analyzing it, and drawing conclusions based on the evidence. On the other hand, scientific research is a type of research that follows a specific methodology and is based on empirical evidence. It aims to test hypotheses, establish facts, and develop theories that can be replicated and verified by other researchers.

Methodology

In general research, the methodology can vary depending on the nature of the study and the research question being addressed. It may involve qualitative methods such as interviews, observations, or case studies, or quantitative methods such as surveys, experiments, or statistical analysis. Scientific research, on the other hand, follows a more structured and rigorous methodology. It typically involves formulating a hypothesis, designing experiments to test the hypothesis, collecting data, analyzing the results, and drawing conclusions based on the evidence.

Purpose

The purpose of research is to expand knowledge, solve problems, or answer questions. It can be conducted in various fields such as social sciences, humanities, business, or natural sciences. Scientific research, on the other hand, is specifically focused on advancing scientific knowledge and understanding the natural world. It aims to contribute to the body of scientific knowledge, develop new technologies, or improve existing theories.

Validation

In general research, the findings may be validated through peer review, replication of the study by other researchers, or comparison with existing literature. Scientific research, however, requires a higher level of validation. The results must be reproducible, verifiable, and consistent with established scientific principles. This is essential to ensure the reliability and credibility of the research findings.

Publication

Research findings can be published in various formats such as books, journals, reports, or conference proceedings. The dissemination of research results is important for sharing knowledge, stimulating further research, and contributing to the academic community. Scientific research findings are typically published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. This ensures that the research has undergone rigorous evaluation by experts in the field before being accepted for publication.

Ethics

Both research and scientific research are subject to ethical considerations. Researchers must adhere to ethical guidelines and standards to ensure the protection of human subjects, the welfare of animals, and the integrity of the research process. Scientific research, in particular, must comply with strict ethical standards to ensure the validity and reliability of the findings. This includes obtaining informed consent, maintaining confidentiality, and avoiding conflicts of interest.

Conclusion

In conclusion, research and scientific research share many similarities in terms of their goals, methods, and ethical considerations. However, scientific research is distinguished by its rigorous methodology, focus on empirical evidence, and emphasis on validation through replication and peer review. Both types of research play a crucial role in advancing knowledge, solving problems, and contributing to the development of society.