Propan-2-ol vs. Propanol

Attribute	Propan-2-ol	Propanol
Chemical Formula	C3H8O	C3H7OH
Common Name	Isopropanol	Propyl alcohol
Structure	CH3-CHOH-CH3	CH3-CH2-CH2OH
Boiling Point	82.6°C	97.2°C
Odor	Rubbing alcohol-like	Similar to ethanol

Chemical Structure

Propan-2-ol, also known as isopropanol, has the chemical formula C3H8O. It is a secondary alcohol, meaning that the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon atom that is attached to two other carbon atoms. Propanol, on the other hand, has the chemical formula C3H7OH. It is a primary alcohol, with the hydroxyl group attached to a carbon atom that is only attached to one other carbon atom.

Physical Properties

Propan-2-ol is a clear, colorless liquid with a strong odor. It has a melting point of -89 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 82.6 degrees Celsius. Propanol, on the other hand, is also a clear, colorless liquid with a slightly sweet odor. It has a melting point of -126 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 97.2 degrees Celsius.

Solubility

Both propan-2-ol and propanol are miscible in water, meaning that they can dissolve in any proportion. This is due to the presence of the hydroxyl group, which allows for hydrogen bonding with water molecules. However, propan-2-ol is more soluble in water than propanol due to its smaller carbon chain, which allows for better interaction with water molecules.

Uses

Propan-2-ol is commonly used as a solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and cleaning products. It is also used as a disinfectant and antiseptic due to its ability to kill bacteria and viruses. Propanol, on the other hand, is used as a solvent in the production of paints, coatings, and inks. It is also used as a fuel additive and in the manufacture of plastics.

Toxicity

Both propan-2-ol and propanol are toxic if ingested in large quantities. Propan-2-ol can cause dizziness, headaches, and nausea, while propanol can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It is important to handle these chemicals with care and use them in well-ventilated areas to avoid exposure.

Flammability

Propan-2-ol is highly flammable, with a flash point of 11 degrees Celsius. It can form explosive mixtures with air and should be stored away from sources of ignition. Propanol, on the other hand, is also flammable, with a flash point of 21 degrees Celsius. It should be handled with caution to prevent fires and accidents.

Conclusion

In conclusion, propan-2-ol and propanol have similar chemical structures but differ in their physical properties, solubility, uses, toxicity, and flammability. Both chemicals have important industrial applications and should be handled with care to prevent harm to human health and the environment.