Polyvinyl Chloride vs. Vinyl Chloride

Attribute	Polyvinyl Chloride	Vinyl Chloride
Chemical Formula	C2H3Cl	C2H3Cl
Common Name	PVC	VCM
Structure	Polymer of vinyl chloride	Monomer of vinyl chloride
Uses	Construction materials, pipes, clothing, medical devices	Intermediate in the production of PVC, vinyl acetate, and other polymers
Toxicity	Low toxicity in its solid form	Highly toxic and carcinogenic

Introduction

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and vinyl chloride are two closely related compounds that are commonly used in various industries. While they may sound similar, they have distinct attributes that set them apart. In this article, we will compare the properties of PVC and vinyl chloride to understand their differences and applications.

Chemical Structure

Polyvinyl chloride is a polymer made by polymerizing vinyl chloride monomers. The chemical formula for PVC is (C2H3Cl)n, where n represents the number of repeating units in the polymer chain. On the other hand, vinyl chloride is a colorless gas with the chemical formula C2H3Cl. It is the monomer used to produce PVC through polymerization.

Physical Properties

PVC is a rigid and durable material that is commonly used in construction, plumbing, and packaging. It has a high tensile strength and can withstand a wide range of temperatures. On the other hand, vinyl chloride is a volatile and flammable gas that is toxic to humans. It is used primarily in the production of PVC and other vinyl-based products.

Applications

PVC is a versatile material that is used in a wide range of applications. It is commonly used in pipes, fittings, window frames, flooring, and medical devices. PVC is also used in the automotive industry for interior trim and upholstery. On the other hand, vinyl chloride is primarily used in the production of PVC, as well as in the manufacture of vinyl flooring, siding, and synthetic leather.

Toxicity

While PVC itself is not considered toxic, the production and disposal of PVC products can release harmful chemicals into the environment. Vinyl chloride, on the other hand, is a known human carcinogen and has been linked to liver cancer and other health issues. Workers in PVC manufacturing plants are at risk of exposure to vinyl chloride gas, which can have serious health consequences.

Environmental Impact

PVC has come under scrutiny for its environmental impact, particularly in terms of disposal and recycling. PVC products can release toxic chemicals when incinerated, and PVC recycling is challenging due to the presence of additives and contaminants. Vinyl chloride, on the other hand, is a volatile organic compound that can contribute to air pollution and smog formation.

Cost

PVC is a cost-effective material that is widely available and easy to manufacture. It is used in a variety of industries due to its affordability and versatility. Vinyl chloride, on the other hand, is more expensive to produce and handle due to its volatile nature. The cost of vinyl chloride can impact the overall cost of PVC products and applications.

Conclusion

In conclusion, PVC and vinyl chloride are two related compounds with distinct properties and applications. PVC is a versatile and durable material that is used in a wide range of industries, while vinyl chloride is primarily used in the production of PVC and other vinyl-based products. Understanding the differences between PVC and vinyl chloride is important for choosing the right material for specific applications and minimizing environmental and health risks.