Plastic vs. Polymer

Attribute	Plastic	Polymer
Definition	A synthetic material made from polymers that can be molded into various shapes.	A large molecule made up of repeating subunits called monomers.
Nature	Plastics are a type of polymer.	Polymer is a broader term that includes plastics.
Composition	Plastics are composed of polymers, additives, and fillers.	Polymer is composed of repeating monomers.
Types	There are various types of plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, etc.	Polymer can be classified into natural polymers (e.g., proteins, cellulose) and synthetic polymers (e.g., plastics, synthetic fibers).
Properties	Plastics have a wide range of properties including flexibility, durability, transparency, etc.	Polymer properties vary depending on the monomers used, but can include strength, elasticity, thermal stability, etc.
Applications	Plastics are used in various applications such as packaging, construction, automotive, etc.	Polymer finds applications in industries like healthcare, electronics, textiles, etc.
Environmental Impact	Plastics are known for their negative environmental impact due to their non-biodegradable nature.	Polymer's environmental impact depends on the specific type and its disposal methods.

Introduction

Plastic and polymer are two terms that are often used interchangeably, leading to confusion among many people. While they are related, there are distinct differences between the two. In this article, we will explore the attributes of plastic and polymer, highlighting their unique characteristics and applications.

Definition and Composition

Plastic is a broad term that refers to a range of synthetic materials made from polymers. Polymers, on the other hand, are large molecules composed of repeating subunits called monomers. In simpler terms, polymers are the building blocks of plastics. They can be naturally occurring or synthetic, while plastics are always synthetic.

Plastics are typically derived from petrochemicals, such as crude oil or natural gas. They undergo a process called polymerization, where small molecules (monomers) are chemically bonded together to form long chains or networks. This process gives plastics their unique properties, such as flexibility, durability, and resistance to degradation.

Polymers, on the other hand, can be found in various forms, including natural polymers like proteins and cellulose, as well as synthetic polymers like polyethylene and polystyrene. They can be produced through different methods, such as condensation polymerization or addition polymerization, depending on the desired properties and applications.

Physical Properties

When it comes to physical properties, both plastic and polymer materials exhibit a wide range of characteristics. Plastics are known for their versatility, as they can be rigid or flexible, transparent or opaque, and can have varying degrees of hardness. They can also be molded into different shapes and sizes, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.

Polymers, on the other hand, can have diverse physical properties depending on their composition and structure. Some polymers are soft and rubbery, like natural rubber, while others can be hard and rigid, like polycarbonate. Additionally, polymers can have varying melting points, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability, making them suitable for different industrial and commercial uses.

Environmental Impact

One of the key concerns surrounding plastics is their environmental impact. Many plastics are non-biodegradable, meaning they do not break down naturally over time. This has led to significant pollution issues, particularly in our oceans and landfills. However, efforts are being made to develop biodegradable and compostable plastics to mitigate these environmental concerns.

Polymers, on the other hand, can have a more favorable environmental profile. Natural polymers, such as cellulose and starch, are biodegradable and renewable, making them more sustainable alternatives to synthetic plastics. Additionally, advancements in polymer science have led to the development of eco-friendly polymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA), which is derived from renewable resources like cornstarch.

Applications

Both plastics and polymers find extensive use in various industries and applications. Plastics are widely used in packaging, construction, automotive, electronics, and consumer goods. They offer excellent insulation, lightweight properties, and resistance to chemicals, making them ideal for these applications.

Polymers, on the other hand, have a broader range of applications. Natural polymers like proteins are essential in the food industry, while synthetic polymers like polyethylene and polypropylene are used in packaging, textiles, and medical devices. Polymers also play a crucial role in advanced technologies, such as 3D printing and nanotechnology, due to their unique properties and versatility.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while plastic and polymer are related, they have distinct differences in terms of definition, composition, physical properties, environmental impact, and applications. Plastics are a subset of polymers, specifically referring to synthetic materials derived from petrochemicals. They offer versatility and can be molded into various shapes and sizes. On the other hand, polymers encompass a broader range of materials, including both natural and synthetic polymers, and can have diverse physical properties. Polymers also have the potential for more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives. Understanding these attributes is crucial for making informed decisions regarding material choices and promoting a more sustainable future.