National Socialism vs. National-Bolshevism

Attribute	National Socialism	National-Bolshevism
Founder	Adolf Hitler	Ernst Niekisch
Ideology	Fascism, racism, anti-Semitism	Communism, nationalism, anti-capitalism
Economic Policy	Corporatism, state control of industry	Socialism, state ownership of industry
Foreign Policy	Expansionism, militarism	Anti-imperialism, anti-Western
Role of the State	Totalitarian, authoritarian	Authoritarian, centralized

Origins and Ideology

National Socialism, also known as Nazism, emerged in Germany in the early 20th century under the leadership of Adolf Hitler. It was characterized by extreme nationalism, racism, and anti-Semitism. The Nazis believed in the superiority of the Aryan race and sought to create a racially pure society through eugenics and the elimination of "undesirable" groups. National-Bolshevism, on the other hand, originated in Russia in the 1990s as a fusion of far-right nationalism and far-left communism. It combines elements of Russian nationalism with Marxist-Leninist ideology, advocating for a strong centralized state and the abolition of capitalism.

Economic Policies

National Socialism promoted a form of economic nationalism known as "autarky," which aimed to make Germany self-sufficient and reduce its dependence on foreign trade. The Nazis implemented protectionist policies, nationalized key industries, and established a command economy under the direction of the state. In contrast, National-Bolshevism advocates for a planned economy based on socialist principles. It calls for the nationalization of all major industries, the redistribution of wealth, and the abolition of private property in favor of collective ownership.

Social Policies

Both National Socialism and National-Bolshevism are authoritarian ideologies that prioritize the interests of the state over individual rights. The Nazis enforced strict social controls and promoted traditional gender roles, while also persecuting minorities and dissenters. National-Bolshevism, on the other hand, emphasizes the importance of the collective over the individual and seeks to create a classless society based on solidarity and unity. It rejects traditional notions of gender and advocates for the empowerment of the working class.

Foreign Policy

National Socialism was expansionist in nature, seeking to establish German dominance over Europe and eliminate perceived threats to the Aryan race. The Nazis pursued a policy of aggressive militarism, leading to the outbreak of World War II. National-Bolshevism, on the other hand, prioritizes anti-imperialism and anti-globalism. It opposes Western hegemony and advocates for a multipolar world order based on cooperation between nationalist and socialist states. National-Bolsheviks reject the idea of military intervention and support peaceful coexistence with other nations.

Racial and Ethnic Views

One of the defining features of National Socialism is its belief in the racial superiority of the Aryan race and the inferiority of other races, particularly Jews. The Nazis implemented policies of racial segregation, forced sterilization, and ultimately genocide against minority groups. National-Bolshevism, on the other hand, rejects racial hierarchies and instead focuses on class struggle. It sees the working class as the driving force of history and seeks to unite people of all races and ethnicities against capitalist exploitation.

Legacy and Influence

National Socialism is widely regarded as one of the most destructive ideologies in history, responsible for the deaths of millions of people during World War II, including the Holocaust. The Nazi regime left a lasting impact on global politics and society, leading to the establishment of international human rights laws and institutions. National-Bolshevism, on the other hand, remains a fringe movement with limited influence outside of Russia. It has been criticized for its authoritarian tendencies and its attempts to reconcile contradictory ideologies.