Medieval Period vs. Puritan Period

Attribute	Medieval Period	Puritan Period
Time Period	5th to 15th century	17th century
Religion	Catholicism	Puritanism
Art and Literature	Gothic architecture, epic poems	Plain style, religious writings
Government	Feudal system, monarchy	Theocracy, strict moral code
Education	Monastic schools, universities	Emphasis on literacy and religious education

Religion

In the Medieval Period, religion played a central role in society. The Catholic Church held immense power and influence over the people, with the Pope being seen as the ultimate authority. The church controlled many aspects of daily life, including education, politics, and morality. On the other hand, the Puritan Period was characterized by a strict adherence to Calvinist beliefs. Puritans believed in predestination and the idea of living a life free from sin. They emphasized personal piety and a strong work ethic.

Social Structure

During the Medieval Period, society was divided into three main classes: the nobility, the clergy, and the commoners. The nobility held the most power and wealth, followed by the clergy who were often educated and influential. Commoners made up the majority of the population and were typically peasants or artisans. In contrast, the Puritan Period saw a more egalitarian society. Puritans believed in the priesthood of all believers, meaning that all individuals had direct access to God without the need for intermediaries.

Art and Culture

Art and culture in the Medieval Period were heavily influenced by religion. Most art and literature focused on religious themes, with churches and cathedrals serving as centers of artistic expression. The period saw the rise of Gothic architecture and illuminated manuscripts. On the other hand, the Puritan Period was marked by a rejection of elaborate art and decoration. Puritans believed in simplicity and austerity, viewing excessive ornamentation as a distraction from spiritual matters.

Education

In the Medieval Period, education was primarily reserved for the clergy and nobility. Monasteries and cathedral schools were the main centers of learning, with a focus on theology and Latin. The majority of the population, especially commoners, had limited access to education. In contrast, the Puritan Period placed a strong emphasis on education for all. Puritans believed in the importance of literacy and education for both men and women, leading to the establishment of schools and universities.

Government and Politics

During the Medieval Period, government and politics were largely decentralized. Feudalism was the dominant political system, with power being held by local lords and monarchs. The feudal system was characterized by a complex network of obligations and loyalties. In contrast, the Puritan Period saw the rise of democratic principles. Puritans believed in the idea of self-governance and individual rights, laying the groundwork for the development of democratic societies.

Gender Roles

Gender roles in the Medieval Period were largely defined by traditional norms and expectations. Women were expected to be obedient wives and mothers, with limited opportunities for education or employment. Men held most of the power and authority in society. In contrast, the Puritan Period saw a more nuanced view of gender roles. While Puritans still upheld the idea of male headship in the family, they also valued the contributions of women in the household and community.