Marxism vs. National Socialism

Attribute	Marxism	National Socialism
Founder	Karl Marx	Adolf Hitler
Economic System	Communism	Fascism
Class Struggle	Proletariat vs. Bourgeoisie	Master Race vs. Inferior Races
Role of State	Withers away in communism	Centralized and authoritarian
Internationalism vs. Nationalism	Internationalism	Nationalism
Equality	Classless society	Hierarchical society

Origins

Marxism, developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century, is a socio-political theory that focuses on the struggle between the working class (proletariat) and the ruling class (bourgeoisie). It advocates for the eventual overthrow of capitalism and the establishment of a classless society where the means of production are owned collectively. On the other hand, National Socialism, also known as Nazism, emerged in Germany in the early 20th century under the leadership of Adolf Hitler. It combines elements of nationalism, racism, and socialism, promoting the superiority of the Aryan race and the need for a totalitarian state to achieve national unity and economic prosperity.

Economic Systems

Marxism advocates for a socialist economic system where the means of production are owned and controlled by the workers, leading to the abolition of private property and class distinctions. It aims to create a society based on cooperation and equality, with the state playing a central role in planning and distributing resources. In contrast, National Socialism promotes a form of state capitalism where the government regulates and coordinates economic activities to serve the interests of the nation. It emphasizes the importance of self-sufficiency, protectionism, and the prioritization of the national community over individual rights.

Class Struggle vs. Racial Hierarchy

Marxism views society as being divided primarily along class lines, with the proletariat exploited by the bourgeoisie in a perpetual struggle for economic power. It seeks to eliminate class distinctions and create a society where all individuals are equal in terms of rights and opportunities. On the other hand, National Socialism is based on the belief in a hierarchical racial order, with the Aryan race considered superior to others. It promotes the idea of racial purity and the exclusion or elimination of perceived "inferior" races to preserve the strength and purity of the nation.

Internationalism vs. Nationalism

Marxism is inherently internationalist, advocating for the solidarity of the working class across national boundaries and the eventual establishment of a global communist society. It rejects nationalism as a divisive force that serves the interests of the ruling class. In contrast, National Socialism is deeply nationalist, emphasizing the importance of national identity, pride, and unity. It prioritizes the interests of the nation above all else and seeks to expand its influence and power through territorial conquest and the subjugation of other nations.

Role of the State

In Marxism, the state is seen as a tool of the ruling class to maintain its power and oppress the working class. The ultimate goal of Marxism is to abolish the state altogether, as it is considered a product of class society. Instead, a transitional period of dictatorship of the proletariat is envisioned to facilitate the transition to a classless society. On the other hand, National Socialism envisions a strong, authoritarian state as essential for achieving the goals of the movement. It emphasizes the need for a charismatic leader (Führer) to guide the nation and make decisions in the best interests of the people.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Marxism and National Socialism are two distinct ideologies with contrasting views on economics, society, and the role of the state. While Marxism focuses on class struggle, internationalism, and the abolition of private property, National Socialism emphasizes racial hierarchy, nationalism, and the supremacy of the nation. Both ideologies have had significant impacts on history, shaping the course of events in the 20th century and beyond.