Mark vs. Matthew

Attribute	Mark	Matthew
Author	Traditionally attributed to Mark, a disciple of Peter	Traditionally attributed to Matthew, one of the twelve apostles
Written	Between 60-70 AD	Between 70-80 AD
Language	Written in Greek	Written in Greek
Length	16 chapters	28 chapters
Style	Simple and concise	More detailed and structured
Focus	Emphasizes Jesus' actions and miracles	Emphasizes Jesus' teachings and sermons
Genealogy	Does not include a genealogy of Jesus	Includes a genealogy tracing Jesus back to Abraham
Order of Events	Follows a chronological order	Organized thematically
Ending	Original ending is abrupt at Mark 16:8	Includes a longer ending with Jesus' post-resurrection appearances

Introduction

When studying the New Testament, two of the four Gospels that stand out are the Gospel of Mark and the Gospel of Matthew. Both Mark and Matthew provide valuable insights into the life, teachings, and ministry of Jesus Christ. While they share some similarities, they also have distinct characteristics that set them apart. In this article, we will explore the attributes of Mark and Matthew, highlighting their unique perspectives and contributions to the Gospel narrative.

Background

Mark, also known as John Mark, was a companion of the apostle Peter and likely wrote his Gospel based on Peter's firsthand accounts. It is believed to be the earliest Gospel, written around 65-70 AD. Matthew, on the other hand, was one of the twelve apostles and a tax collector before following Jesus. His Gospel, written around 70-80 AD, is considered one of the synoptic Gospels, along with Mark and Luke, as they share similar content and structure.

Writing Style

Mark's writing style is characterized by its brevity and directness. His Gospel is concise, focusing on the actions and deeds of Jesus rather than lengthy discourses. Mark often uses the word "immediately" to emphasize the fast-paced nature of Jesus' ministry. His narrative is filled with vivid details, providing a sense of urgency and excitement. On the other hand, Matthew's writing style is more comprehensive and detailed. He includes longer discourses and teachings of Jesus, presenting a more systematic and organized account of Jesus' life and teachings.

Emphasis on Jesus' Ministry

Mark's Gospel emphasizes Jesus' actions and miracles, portraying Him as a powerful and compassionate healer. Mark highlights Jesus' authority over demons, His ability to calm storms, and His miraculous healings. The Gospel of Mark also emphasizes Jesus' suffering and sacrifice, focusing on His journey to the cross. In contrast, Matthew's Gospel places a strong emphasis on Jesus' teachings and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. Matthew presents Jesus as the long-awaited Messiah, tracing His genealogy back to King David and Abraham. He includes the famous Sermon on the Mount, where Jesus delivers profound teachings on various topics.

Structure and Organization

Mark's Gospel is known for its fast-paced narrative and straightforward structure. It is divided into sixteen chapters, with a focus on Jesus' ministry in Galilee, His journey to Jerusalem, and His crucifixion and resurrection. Mark's Gospel is often described as a "Gospel of action," as it moves quickly from one event to another. On the other hand, Matthew's Gospel is more structured and organized. It is divided into twenty-eight chapters, with a clear five-fold structure resembling the structure of the Torah. Matthew arranges his material thematically, grouping similar teachings and events together.

Use of Parables

Both Mark and Matthew include parables, but their approach differs. Mark's Gospel contains fewer parables compared to Matthew. Mark often uses parables to illustrate a specific point or challenge the listener's understanding. His parables are concise and to the point, leaving room for interpretation. Matthew, on the other hand, includes a more extensive collection of parables. He presents them as a way to convey deeper spiritual truths and to emphasize the kingdom of God. Matthew's parables are often longer and more detailed, providing additional explanations and interpretations.

Target Audience

Mark's Gospel is believed to have been written primarily for a Gentile audience, possibly in Rome. His Gospel focuses on the actions and miracles of Jesus, appealing to a broader audience who may not be familiar with Jewish customs and traditions. Mark's straightforward style and emphasis on Jesus' power and compassion make it accessible to both Jews and Gentiles. Matthew, on the other hand, wrote his Gospel primarily for a Jewish audience. He frequently references Old Testament prophecies and Jewish customs, aiming to demonstrate how Jesus fulfills the Messianic expectations of the Jewish people.

Conclusion

While both Mark and Matthew contribute significantly to our understanding of Jesus' life and teachings, they offer distinct perspectives and writing styles. Mark's Gospel emphasizes Jesus' actions and miracles, presenting Him as a powerful and compassionate healer. Matthew's Gospel, on the other hand, focuses on Jesus' teachings and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, presenting Him as the long-awaited Messiah. Mark's writing style is concise and fast-paced, while Matthew's is more comprehensive and detailed. Understanding the unique attributes of Mark and Matthew allows us to appreciate the richness and diversity of the Gospel narrative.