Hoxhaism vs. Maoism

Attribute	Hoxhaism	Maoism
Founder	Enver Hoxha	Mao Zedong
Key Ideology	Anti-Revisionism	Marxism-Leninism-Maoism
Role of the Party	Centralized control	Mass line approach
International Relations	Albanian isolationism	Support for global revolution
Economic Policy	Self-reliance	Great Leap Forward

History

Hoxhaism and Maoism are both branches of Marxism-Leninism that emerged in the mid-20th century. Hoxhaism is named after Enver Hoxha, the leader of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985. Maoism, on the other hand, is named after Mao Zedong, the leader of the Chinese Communist Party from 1949 until his death in 1976. Both ideologies developed as responses to the perceived deviations from Marxist principles in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin.

Key Principles

One of the key principles of Hoxhaism is the concept of "socialism in one country," which emphasizes the need for self-reliance and independence from other socialist states. Hoxhaism also places a strong emphasis on class struggle and the dictatorship of the proletariat. Maoism, on the other hand, is characterized by the idea of continuous revolution and the importance of mass mobilization. Mao Zedong's theory of "protracted people's war" is a central tenet of Maoism, advocating for a prolonged armed struggle against imperialism and capitalism.

Economic Policies

Both Hoxhaism and Maoism advocate for a centrally planned economy under the control of the state. However, there are some differences in their economic policies. Hoxhaism places a greater emphasis on industrialization and economic self-sufficiency, while Maoism prioritizes agricultural collectivization and the redistribution of land to peasants. Hoxhaism also emphasizes the importance of heavy industry and infrastructure development, while Maoism focuses on rural development and the empowerment of the peasantry.

International Relations

One of the key differences between Hoxhaism and Maoism is their approach to international relations. Hoxhaism advocates for a policy of "anti-revisionism," which rejects the idea of peaceful coexistence with capitalist states and calls for the continued struggle against imperialism. Hoxhaism also criticizes other socialist states, including China under Mao Zedong, for deviating from Marxist principles. Maoism, on the other hand, emphasizes the importance of building alliances with other anti-imperialist movements and supporting national liberation struggles around the world.

Legacy

Both Hoxhaism and Maoism have had a lasting impact on the global socialist movement. Hoxhaism continues to have a following in Albania and other parts of the world, with some groups advocating for a return to Hoxhaist principles. Maoism, on the other hand, has influenced revolutionary movements in countries such as Nepal, India, and the Philippines. Despite their differences, both ideologies share a commitment to the principles of Marxism-Leninism and the goal of achieving a classless society.