Explicit Knowledge vs. Implicit Knowledge
What's the Difference?
Explicit knowledge is knowledge that is easily articulated and codified, such as facts, procedures, and rules. It can be easily transferred through written or verbal communication. On the other hand, implicit knowledge is more difficult to articulate and is often based on personal experiences, intuition, and skills that are difficult to explain. It is often acquired through observation, practice, and trial and error. While explicit knowledge can be easily documented and shared, implicit knowledge is more tacit and difficult to transfer to others. Both types of knowledge are important in different contexts and play a crucial role in individual and organizational learning.
Comparison
| Attribute | Explicit Knowledge | Implicit Knowledge |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Knowledge that is easily articulated and codified | Knowledge that is difficult to articulate or codify |
| Transferability | Easily transferable through writing, speaking, or other forms of communication | Transferred through observation, experience, and practice |
| Consciousness | Consciously aware and accessible | Unconsciously applied and utilized |
| Examples | Textbooks, manuals, procedures | Skills, habits, intuition |
Further Detail
Definition
Explicit knowledge refers to knowledge that is easily codified and documented. It can be easily articulated, written down, and shared with others. This type of knowledge is typically found in manuals, textbooks, databases, and other formalized sources. On the other hand, implicit knowledge is more difficult to articulate and transfer to others. It is often based on personal experiences, intuition, and insights that are not easily captured in writing.
Characteristics
Explicit knowledge is objective and can be easily communicated through words, symbols, or numbers. It is often structured and organized in a logical manner, making it easier to access and use. In contrast, implicit knowledge is subjective and deeply rooted in personal experiences and tacit understanding. It is often difficult to articulate and may be subconscious or intuitive in nature.
Accessibility
Explicit knowledge is readily accessible to anyone who has access to the relevant sources, such as books, manuals, or databases. It can be easily shared and transferred between individuals or organizations. Implicit knowledge, on the other hand, is more difficult to access as it is often embedded in an individual's mind or behavior. It may require direct observation or interaction to uncover and understand.
Transferability
Explicit knowledge can be easily transferred from one person to another through formalized processes such as training, documentation, or mentoring. It can be codified and stored in a way that allows for easy retrieval and dissemination. Implicit knowledge, on the other hand, is more challenging to transfer as it is often based on personal experiences and tacit understanding. It may require hands-on experience or direct interaction to fully grasp.
Value
Explicit knowledge is valuable for its clarity and precision. It can be easily shared and used to solve specific problems or make informed decisions. Organizations often invest in capturing and storing explicit knowledge to improve efficiency and effectiveness. Implicit knowledge, on the other hand, is valuable for its depth and richness. It can provide insights and perspectives that are not easily captured in formalized sources. Organizations may seek to tap into implicit knowledge to foster innovation and creativity.
Examples
- Explicit knowledge: A company's employee handbook outlining policies and procedures for new hires.
- Implicit knowledge: An experienced chef's intuition and expertise in creating unique flavor combinations.
Conclusion
While both explicit and implicit knowledge play important roles in organizations and individuals, they each have distinct characteristics and value. Explicit knowledge is easily codified and shared, making it valuable for its clarity and precision. Implicit knowledge, on the other hand, is deeply rooted in personal experiences and intuition, providing depth and richness to decision-making and problem-solving. By understanding the differences between these two types of knowledge, organizations can better leverage their knowledge assets and foster a culture of continuous learning and innovation.
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