Explanatory Research vs. Exploratory Research

Attribute	Explanatory Research	Exploratory Research
Purpose	To explain the relationship between variables	To explore new ideas and generate hypotheses
Focus	On testing hypotheses and causal relationships	On understanding a phenomenon
Methodology	Quantitative research methods	Qualitative research methods
Sample Size	Usually larger sample sizes	Usually smaller sample sizes
Data Analysis	Statistical analysis	Thematic analysis

Introduction

Research is a crucial aspect of any field, as it helps in gaining insights, solving problems, and making informed decisions. Two common types of research methods used in various disciplines are explanatory research and exploratory research. While both methods aim to gather information and answer questions, they differ in their approaches and objectives.

Explanatory Research

Explanatory research is a type of research that seeks to explain the relationship between variables. It aims to provide a deeper understanding of the causes and effects of a particular phenomenon. This type of research is often used to test hypotheses and establish causal relationships. Explanatory research is typically conducted after exploratory research has been completed, as it builds on the initial findings and seeks to provide a more comprehensive explanation.

• Focuses on explaining relationships between variables
• Tests hypotheses and establishes causal relationships
• Builds on the findings of exploratory research
• Provides a deeper understanding of the phenomenon
• Often uses quantitative research methods

Exploratory Research

Exploratory research, on the other hand, is a type of research that aims to explore a new topic or phenomenon. It is used to generate ideas, identify trends, and gain insights into a particular issue. Exploratory research is often conducted when there is limited information available on a topic or when the researcher is unsure of the research questions. This type of research is more flexible and open-ended, allowing for unexpected findings and new perspectives to emerge.

• Focuses on exploring new topics or phenomena
• Generates ideas and identifies trends
• More flexible and open-ended
• Allows for unexpected findings
• Often uses qualitative research methods

Comparison

While both explanatory research and exploratory research are essential in the research process, they differ in several key aspects. One of the main differences between the two is their objectives. Explanatory research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the causes and effects of a phenomenon, while exploratory research focuses on exploring new topics and generating ideas.

Another difference between the two types of research is their methods. Explanatory research often uses quantitative research methods, such as surveys and experiments, to test hypotheses and establish causal relationships. In contrast, exploratory research typically uses qualitative research methods, such as interviews and observations, to gain insights and identify trends.

Furthermore, the timing of when each type of research is conducted also differs. Exploratory research is usually conducted at the beginning of the research process when there is limited information available on a topic. It helps in defining the research questions and setting the stage for further investigation. Explanatory research, on the other hand, is conducted after exploratory research has been completed, as it builds on the initial findings and seeks to provide a more comprehensive explanation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, both explanatory research and exploratory research play important roles in the research process. While explanatory research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the causes and effects of a phenomenon, exploratory research focuses on exploring new topics and generating ideas. By understanding the differences between these two types of research, researchers can choose the most appropriate method for their study and achieve meaningful results.