Ethyl Ethanoate vs. Propanoic Acid

Attribute	Ethyl Ethanoate	Propanoic Acid
Chemical Formula	C4H8O2	C3H6O2
Common Name	Ethyl Ethanoate	Propanoic Acid
Functional Group	Ester	Carboxylic Acid
Odor	Fruity	Pungent
Boiling Point	77.1°C	141.1°C

Chemical Structure

Ethyl ethanoate, also known as ethyl acetate, has the chemical formula C4H8O2. It is an ester formed by the condensation of acetic acid and ethanol. On the other hand, propanoic acid, also known as propionic acid, has the chemical formula C3H6O2. It is a carboxylic acid with a three-carbon chain and a carboxyl group at the end.

Physical Properties

Ethyl ethanoate is a colorless liquid with a fruity odor, commonly used as a solvent in paints and nail polish removers. It has a boiling point of 77.1°C and a density of 0.902 g/cm3. Propanoic acid, on the other hand, is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor, often used as a preservative in food. It has a boiling point of 141.1°C and a density of 0.993 g/cm3.

Chemical Properties

Ethyl ethanoate is a relatively stable compound that undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of water to form acetic acid and ethanol. It is also used in organic synthesis as a reagent for esterification reactions. Propanoic acid, on the other hand, is a weak acid that can undergo reactions with bases to form salts known as propionates. It is also used in the production of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Uses

Ethyl ethanoate is commonly used as a solvent in various industries, including paints, coatings, and adhesives. It is also used in the production of artificial flavors and fragrances. Propanoic acid is primarily used as a preservative in food, particularly in bread and dairy products. It is also used in the production of herbicides and pharmaceuticals.

Toxicity

Ethyl ethanoate is considered relatively safe for human consumption in small quantities, but prolonged exposure can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Ingestion of large amounts can lead to nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Propanoic acid is also considered safe for human consumption in small quantities, but it can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Ingestion of large amounts can lead to gastrointestinal issues and metabolic disturbances.