Elastomer vs. Synthetic Rubber

Attribute	Elastomer	Synthetic Rubber
Definition	A polymer with viscoelasticity properties	A man-made polymer designed to mimic natural rubber
Source	Natural or synthetic	Synthetic
Properties	High elasticity and resilience	Good resistance to heat, chemicals, and weathering
Applications	Tires, seals, gaskets, hoses	Tires, seals, gaskets, conveyor belts

Introduction

When it comes to materials used in various industries, elastomers and synthetic rubbers are two common choices. Both materials have unique properties that make them suitable for different applications. In this article, we will compare the attributes of elastomers and synthetic rubbers to help you understand the differences between the two.

Definition

Elastomers are polymers that have the ability to return to their original shape after being stretched or deformed. They are known for their elasticity and flexibility, making them ideal for applications where resilience is required. Synthetic rubber, on the other hand, is a man-made material that mimics the properties of natural rubber. It is produced through a chemical process that involves the polymerization of various monomers.

Chemical Composition

One of the key differences between elastomers and synthetic rubber lies in their chemical composition. Elastomers are typically made from natural rubber or synthetic polymers such as polyurethane, silicone, or neoprene. These materials are known for their high elasticity and resistance to abrasion. Synthetic rubber, on the other hand, is made from a combination of different chemicals, including styrene, butadiene, and isoprene. This allows for greater control over the material's properties, such as hardness and durability.

Physical Properties

When it comes to physical properties, elastomers and synthetic rubber exhibit some differences. Elastomers are known for their high elasticity, which allows them to stretch and return to their original shape without permanent deformation. They also have good resistance to abrasion and tearing, making them suitable for applications where flexibility is required. Synthetic rubber, on the other hand, can be formulated to have specific properties such as high tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. This makes it a versatile material that can be used in a wide range of applications.

Applications

Both elastomers and synthetic rubber have a wide range of applications across various industries. Elastomers are commonly used in the production of seals, gaskets, O-rings, and other components that require flexibility and resilience. They are also used in the automotive industry for tires, hoses, and belts. Synthetic rubber, on the other hand, is used in the production of conveyor belts, hoses, seals, and other industrial products. It is also commonly used in the manufacturing of footwear, adhesives, and coatings.

Cost

Cost is another factor to consider when comparing elastomers and synthetic rubber. Elastomers are generally more expensive than synthetic rubber due to their higher elasticity and resilience. However, the cost of elastomers can vary depending on the specific material used and the manufacturing process. Synthetic rubber, on the other hand, is more cost-effective and can be produced in large quantities at a lower cost. This makes it a popular choice for applications where cost is a primary concern.

Environmental Impact

When it comes to environmental impact, elastomers and synthetic rubber have different considerations. Elastomers are typically more environmentally friendly than synthetic rubber, as they are often made from natural materials such as rubber trees. However, the production of elastomers can still have an impact on the environment, especially if it involves the use of chemicals or energy-intensive processes. Synthetic rubber, on the other hand, is made from petroleum-based chemicals, which can have a higher environmental impact. However, efforts are being made to develop more sustainable alternatives to synthetic rubber to reduce its environmental footprint.

Conclusion

In conclusion, elastomers and synthetic rubber are two versatile materials that have unique properties and applications. Elastomers are known for their high elasticity and flexibility, making them ideal for applications where resilience is required. Synthetic rubber, on the other hand, can be formulated to have specific properties such as high tensile strength and abrasion resistance. Both materials have their advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between elastomers and synthetic rubber will depend on the specific requirements of the application.