Description vs. Explanation

Attribute	Description	Explanation
Definition	A statement that describes something	A statement that clarifies the reasons behind something
Purpose	To provide details and characteristics of a subject	To offer reasoning and understanding of a subject
Focus	On the characteristics and qualities of a subject	On the reasons and causes behind a subject
Clarity	Clear and specific details	Clear and logical reasoning
Example	A description of a flower includes its color, size, and scent	An explanation of why flowers need sunlight to grow

Introduction

Description and explanation are two important aspects of communication that serve different purposes. While description focuses on providing details and characteristics of a subject, explanation aims to clarify the reasons or mechanisms behind a phenomenon. Both are essential in various fields such as literature, science, and education. In this article, we will explore the attributes of description and explanation and discuss how they differ in terms of their goals, methods, and effectiveness.

Attributes of Description

Description involves providing a detailed account of the physical attributes, qualities, and characteristics of a subject. It aims to create a vivid picture in the reader's mind by using sensory details such as sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch. Descriptive writing often appeals to the reader's emotions and senses, making the subject come alive. It is commonly used in literature to create imagery and evoke a specific mood or atmosphere. In addition, description can be objective or subjective, depending on the author's perspective and purpose.

Methods of Description

There are several methods that can be used to enhance the effectiveness of description. One common technique is the use of vivid language and sensory details to paint a clear picture in the reader's mind. Metaphors, similes, and personification can also be employed to make the description more engaging and memorable. Another method is the use of spatial organization, where details are arranged in a logical sequence to create a coherent picture. Additionally, descriptive writing often relies on the five senses to convey a sensory experience to the reader.

Attributes of Explanation

Explanation, on the other hand, focuses on providing reasons, causes, or mechanisms behind a phenomenon. It aims to clarify complex concepts or processes by breaking them down into simpler terms. Explanation is essential in science, mathematics, and other technical fields where understanding the underlying principles is crucial. It helps readers make sense of the world around them by connecting the dots and revealing the logic behind various phenomena. Unlike description, explanation is more analytical and logical in nature.

Methods of Explanation

There are various methods that can be used to explain a concept or process effectively. One common approach is the use of analogies or comparisons to relate the unfamiliar to the familiar. By drawing parallels between two concepts, readers can better grasp the underlying principles. Another method is the use of step-by-step explanations, where complex processes are broken down into smaller, more manageable steps. Visual aids such as diagrams, charts, and graphs can also be used to enhance understanding and clarify complex ideas.

Comparison of Goals

While description aims to create a sensory experience and evoke emotions in the reader, explanation focuses on providing clarity and understanding. Description seeks to paint a vivid picture of a subject, while explanation aims to demystify complex concepts or processes. Both serve different purposes but are equally important in communication. Description appeals to the reader's senses and emotions, while explanation appeals to their intellect and logic.

Comparison of Effectiveness

Both description and explanation can be effective in conveying information, depending on the context and audience. Description is effective in creating imagery and setting a mood in literature, while explanation is effective in clarifying technical concepts in science and mathematics. The effectiveness of each depends on the author's ability to use appropriate language, details, and examples to engage the reader. A well-written description can transport the reader to a different world, while a clear explanation can illuminate complex ideas.

Conclusion

In conclusion, description and explanation are two essential aspects of communication that serve different purposes. Description focuses on providing details and characteristics of a subject to create a sensory experience for the reader, while explanation aims to clarify the reasons or mechanisms behind a phenomenon. Both are important in various fields such as literature, science, and education. By understanding the attributes and methods of description and explanation, writers can effectively convey information and engage their audience.