Cyst vs. Mass

Attribute	Cyst	Mass
Definition	Fluid-filled sac or pocket in the body	Abnormal growth of cells or tissues
Causes	Infection, inflammation, obstruction of ducts	Genetic mutations, environmental factors
Symptoms	Usually painless, may cause swelling or discomfort	May cause pain, swelling, changes in size or shape
Diagnosis	Imaging tests, biopsy	Imaging tests, biopsy
Treatment	Observation, drainage, surgery	Observation, surgery, chemotherapy

Definition

A cyst is a sac-like pocket of tissue that contains fluid, air, or other substances. It can form in any part of the body and can vary in size. Cysts are usually benign and do not cause symptoms unless they become infected or grow large enough to put pressure on surrounding tissues. On the other hand, a mass refers to a lump or growth of tissue that can be either benign or malignant. Masses can be solid or fluid-filled and can develop in various organs or tissues.

Causes

Cysts can form for a variety of reasons, including infections, blockages of ducts, or genetic conditions. Some cysts may also develop as a result of chronic inflammation or trauma to a specific area of the body. In contrast, masses can be caused by a wide range of factors, such as tumors, infections, or inflammatory conditions. Malignant masses are often associated with cancerous growths, while benign masses are typically non-cancerous and may not require treatment.

Symptoms

Most cysts are asymptomatic and do not cause any noticeable symptoms. However, some cysts may become painful, tender, or swollen if they become infected or inflamed. In contrast, the symptoms of a mass can vary depending on its location and size. Some masses may cause pain, discomfort, or changes in the appearance of the affected area. Malignant masses may also be accompanied by symptoms such as weight loss, fatigue, or unexplained fevers.

Diagnosis

Cysts are typically diagnosed through physical examination and imaging tests, such as ultrasound or MRI scans. In some cases, a doctor may perform a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and rule out any underlying conditions. Masses are also diagnosed using imaging tests and biopsies. Additional tests, such as blood tests or genetic testing, may be necessary to determine the nature of the mass and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

Treatment

Most cysts do not require treatment and may resolve on their own over time. However, if a cyst becomes infected or causes symptoms, a doctor may recommend draining the fluid or surgically removing the cyst. In contrast, the treatment for a mass depends on its underlying cause and whether it is benign or malignant. Benign masses may be monitored over time or surgically removed if they are causing symptoms. Malignant masses may require a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Prognosis

The prognosis for a cyst is generally good, especially if it is benign and does not cause any symptoms. Most cysts can be successfully treated with minimal intervention and do not recur. On the other hand, the prognosis for a mass can vary depending on its type and stage. Benign masses are usually not life-threatening and can be managed effectively. Malignant masses, however, may require aggressive treatment and have a higher risk of recurrence or spreading to other parts of the body.