Custom vs. Mores

Attribute	Custom	Mores
Definition	A traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something within a particular society or culture.	Norms or customs that are considered essential to the functioning of a society and are often enforced through social pressure.
Origin	Derived from the Latin word "consuetudinem", meaning "habit, practice, usage".	Derived from the Latin word "mores", meaning "customs, manners, morals".
Enforcement	Enforced through social expectations and conformity to tradition.	Enforced through social pressure and often backed by legal or moral sanctions.
Flexibility	May vary between different cultures and societies.	More rigid and less subject to change compared to customs.

Definition

Custom and mores are both terms used in sociology to describe patterns of behavior and beliefs within a society. Custom refers to the traditional practices and rituals that are passed down from generation to generation. These customs can vary greatly from one culture to another and are often seen as a way to maintain social order and cohesion. Mores, on the other hand, are the moral norms and values that are considered essential to the functioning of a society. They are often more rigid and strictly enforced than customs, as they are seen as crucial to the well-being of the community.

Origin

Customs are typically rooted in the history and traditions of a particular culture. They can be influenced by factors such as religion, geography, and historical events. For example, the custom of bowing when greeting someone in Japan is a reflection of the country's hierarchical social structure. Mores, on the other hand, are often based on ethical principles and values that are considered universal. They are seen as essential for maintaining social order and are often codified in laws and regulations.

Flexibility

Customs are generally more flexible and adaptable than mores. They can change over time in response to social, political, and economic developments. For example, the custom of arranged marriages in some cultures has evolved to allow for more input from the individuals involved. Mores, on the other hand, are often seen as fixed and unchanging. They are deeply ingrained in the culture and are not easily altered. Violating mores can lead to social ostracism or even legal consequences.

Enforcement

Customs are typically enforced through social pressure and expectations. Individuals who do not adhere to customs may face disapproval or criticism from their community. However, the consequences of violating customs are usually less severe than those of violating mores. Mores, on the other hand, are enforced through more formal means, such as laws and regulations. Violating mores can result in legal sanctions, such as fines or imprisonment, as well as social stigma.

Evolution

Customs and mores can both evolve over time in response to changing social norms and values. However, the process of change is often slower and more gradual for mores than for customs. This is because mores are seen as essential to the functioning of society and are deeply ingrained in the culture. Customs, on the other hand, are more likely to change in response to external influences, such as globalization and technological advancements.

Examples

Examples of customs include traditional wedding ceremonies, holiday celebrations, and cultural practices such as food preparation and clothing styles. These customs vary widely from one culture to another and are often seen as a way to preserve the identity and heritage of a community. Examples of mores include prohibitions against murder, theft, and dishonesty. These moral norms are considered essential for maintaining social order and are enforced through laws and social sanctions.