Command Theory vs. Pure Theory

Attribute	Command Theory	Pure Theory
Origin	Based on the idea that laws are commands issued by a sovereign authority	Based on the idea that laws are rules derived from moral principles
Source of Authority	Authority comes from a sovereign entity or government	Authority comes from moral principles or natural law
Focus	Focuses on the importance of obedience to authority	Focuses on the importance of justice and morality
Flexibility	Less flexible as it relies on commands that must be followed	More flexible as it allows for interpretation based on moral principles

Introduction

Command theory and pure theory are two prominent ethical theories that have been debated and discussed by philosophers for centuries. While both theories aim to provide a framework for determining what is morally right or wrong, they differ in their fundamental principles and approaches. In this article, we will explore the attributes of command theory and pure theory, highlighting their key differences and similarities.

Command Theory

Command theory, also known as divine command theory, posits that an action is morally right if it is in accordance with the commands of a divine being or authority. This theory suggests that moral obligations are derived from the commands of a higher power, such as God, and that these commands are absolute and unchanging. Proponents of command theory argue that moral truths are objective and can be known through divine revelation or religious texts.

One of the key attributes of command theory is its reliance on external sources of moral authority. This means that individuals must look to a higher power or divine being for guidance on what is morally right or wrong. This can provide a sense of certainty and clarity in moral decision-making, as the commands of a higher authority are seen as infallible and binding.

However, critics of command theory argue that it raises questions about the nature of morality and the autonomy of individuals. If moral obligations are solely based on divine commands, then there is little room for moral reasoning or critical thinking. Additionally, the diversity of religious beliefs and interpretations can lead to conflicting moral commands, making it difficult to determine a universal standard of morality.

Pure Theory

Pure theory, on the other hand, is a secular ethical theory that emphasizes reason and rationality as the basis for determining moral principles. This theory suggests that moral truths can be derived through logical reasoning and reflection on human nature and the consequences of actions. Pure theorists argue that moral principles are universal and can be known through rational inquiry.

One of the key attributes of pure theory is its emphasis on autonomy and individual agency. Pure theorists believe that individuals have the capacity to reason and make moral judgments independently, without relying on external sources of authority. This allows for a more flexible and nuanced approach to ethics, as individuals can engage in moral deliberation and debate to determine what is morally right or wrong.

However, critics of pure theory argue that it can be subjective and open to interpretation. Without a clear external source of moral authority, pure theory may lack a solid foundation for determining moral truths. Additionally, the reliance on reason and rationality alone may overlook the importance of emotions, intuitions, and cultural norms in shaping moral beliefs and values.

Comparing Attributes

When comparing command theory and pure theory, it is evident that they differ in their fundamental principles and approaches to ethics. Command theory relies on external sources of moral authority, such as divine commands, while pure theory emphasizes reason and rationality as the basis for determining moral principles.

• Command theory is based on the belief that moral obligations are derived from the commands of a divine being, making moral truths objective and absolute.
• Pure theory, on the other hand, suggests that moral principles can be known through rational inquiry and reflection on human nature.

While command theory provides a sense of certainty and clarity in moral decision-making, it raises questions about the autonomy of individuals and the diversity of religious beliefs. Pure theory, on the other hand, emphasizes autonomy and individual agency, but may lack a solid foundation for determining moral truths.

Conclusion

In conclusion, command theory and pure theory offer distinct perspectives on ethics, with each theory having its own strengths and weaknesses. Command theory provides a clear moral framework based on divine commands, while pure theory emphasizes reason and rationality as the basis for determining moral principles. By understanding the attributes of these two theories, individuals can engage in meaningful discussions and debates about the nature of morality and ethical decision-making.