CBI vs. CLIL

Attribute	CBI	CLIL
Focus	Language learning through content	Content learning through language
Goal	Language proficiency	Content knowledge and language proficiency
Instruction	Language is the main focus of instruction	Language is used as a medium of instruction
Content	Language is taught through specific content	Content is taught using the target language
Integration	Language and content are integrated	Language and content are integrated

Introduction

Content-Based Instruction (CBI) and Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) are two popular approaches to language teaching that focus on integrating language learning with subject matter content. While both approaches share similarities, they also have distinct attributes that set them apart. In this article, we will compare the key attributes of CBI and CLIL to help language educators understand the differences between the two methodologies.

Definition

CBI is an approach to language teaching that focuses on using subject matter content as the basis for language instruction. In CBI, language learning is integrated with the learning of academic content, such as science, history, or mathematics. On the other hand, CLIL is an approach that focuses on teaching both language and content simultaneously. In CLIL, students learn a subject in a foreign language, which helps them develop both their language skills and their knowledge of the subject matter.

Language Proficiency

One of the key differences between CBI and CLIL is the focus on language proficiency. In CBI, the primary goal is to improve students' language skills through the study of subject matter content. While language proficiency is important in CLIL as well, the main focus is on learning the subject matter content in a foreign language. This means that students in CLIL programs may not achieve the same level of language proficiency as those in CBI programs, as the emphasis is more on content learning than on language learning.

Subject Matter Integration

Both CBI and CLIL emphasize the integration of subject matter content with language learning. However, the way in which this integration is achieved differs between the two approaches. In CBI, language instruction is based on the subject matter content, with language activities and tasks designed to support the learning of the content. In CLIL, on the other hand, language and content are taught simultaneously, with language instruction and subject matter content being equally important in the learning process.

Teacher Training

Another key difference between CBI and CLIL is the level of teacher training required for each approach. In CBI, teachers need to be proficient in both language teaching and the subject matter content they are teaching. This requires specialized training to ensure that teachers are able to effectively integrate language learning with subject matter content. In CLIL, teachers also need to be proficient in both language teaching and the subject matter content, but they may require additional training in teaching content in a foreign language, as this is a unique aspect of the CLIL approach.

Student Engagement

Both CBI and CLIL aim to engage students in the learning process by making the content relevant and interesting. In CBI, students are motivated by the subject matter content, which helps them develop their language skills in a meaningful context. In CLIL, students are motivated by the challenge of learning a subject in a foreign language, which can be both rewarding and stimulating. This can lead to increased student engagement and motivation in the learning process.

Assessment

Assessment is another important aspect to consider when comparing CBI and CLIL. In CBI, assessment is typically focused on language proficiency and the ability to use language in the context of the subject matter content. In CLIL, assessment may be more complex, as students are required to demonstrate both their language skills and their understanding of the subject matter content. This can require a more integrated approach to assessment that takes into account both language and content learning outcomes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, CBI and CLIL are two approaches to language teaching that share similarities but also have distinct attributes that set them apart. While both approaches focus on integrating language learning with subject matter content, they differ in their emphasis on language proficiency, subject matter integration, teacher training, student engagement, and assessment. Language educators should consider these differences when choosing between CBI and CLIL to ensure that they select the approach that best meets the needs of their students.