Capybara vs. Lesser Capybara

Attribute	Capybara	Lesser Capybara
Scientific Name	Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris	Hydrochoerus isthmius
Size	Larger	Smaller
Weight	Heavier	Lighter
Habitat	South America	Central America
Conservation Status	Least Concern	Data Deficient

Physical Appearance

Both the Capybara and Lesser Capybara are large rodents that resemble oversized guinea pigs. The Capybara is the largest rodent in the world, weighing up to 150 pounds and measuring around 2 feet tall at the shoulder. It has a barrel-shaped body, short legs, and a long, slightly rounded head. In contrast, the Lesser Capybara is smaller in size, weighing around 30-35 pounds and measuring about 1.5 feet tall. It has a similar body shape to the Capybara but is more compact overall.

Habitat

Capybaras are native to South America and can be found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, marshes, and forests near water sources. They are excellent swimmers and are often found near rivers, lakes, and ponds. Lesser Capybaras, on the other hand, are native to the grasslands and savannas of South America. They prefer drier habitats compared to Capybaras and are less commonly found near water sources.

Social Behavior

Both Capybaras and Lesser Capybaras are highly social animals that live in groups known as herds. Capybara herds can consist of up to 100 individuals, while Lesser Capybara herds are typically smaller, with around 10-20 members. In both species, the herds are led by a dominant male, who is responsible for protecting the group and mating with females. Capybaras are known for their friendly and docile nature, often forming close bonds with other members of their herd. Lesser Capybaras exhibit similar social behaviors but may be slightly more territorial compared to Capybaras.

Diet

Both Capybaras and Lesser Capybaras are herbivores, primarily feeding on grasses, aquatic plants, and fruits. They have specialized teeth for grazing and grinding plant material. Capybaras are known to spend a significant amount of time in the water, where they can feed on aquatic plants. Lesser Capybaras, on the other hand, may spend less time in the water and rely more on grazing in grasslands for their food. Despite these differences, both species have similar dietary preferences and requirements.

Reproduction

Both Capybaras and Lesser Capybaras have similar reproductive behaviors, with females giving birth to litters of 2-8 offspring after a gestation period of around 5 months. The young are precocial, meaning they are born fully developed and able to move around shortly after birth. Mothers provide care and protection for their young, while other members of the herd may also help in raising the offspring. Capybaras and Lesser Capybaras reach sexual maturity at around 1-2 years of age and can reproduce throughout the year.

Conservation Status

Both Capybaras and Lesser Capybaras are considered species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). This means that their populations are stable and not currently at risk of extinction. However, habitat loss and hunting for their meat and fur are potential threats to both species. Conservation efforts are in place to protect the habitats of Capybaras and Lesser Capybaras and ensure their long-term survival in the wild.