Capsule vs. Tablet

Attribute	Capsule	Tablet
Form	Enclosed in a gelatin or vegetable-based shell	Compressed powder or liquid mixture
Size	Generally smaller and easier to swallow	Can vary in size and shape
Disintegration	May dissolve faster than tablets	May take longer to dissolve
Ingredients	Can contain powder, liquid, or small pellets	Usually contains binders and fillers
Coating	May have enteric coating for delayed release	May have film coating for easier swallowing

Introduction

Capsules and tablets are two common forms of oral medication that are widely used for various health conditions. While both serve the same purpose of delivering medication into the body, they have distinct attributes that set them apart. In this article, we will compare the attributes of capsules and tablets to help you understand the differences between the two.

Appearance

Capsules are typically made of two gelatin shells that contain the medication inside. The outer shells can be transparent or opaque, depending on the manufacturer. Capsules come in different sizes, with some being smaller and easier to swallow than others. On the other hand, tablets are solid, compressed forms of medication that are often round or oval in shape. Tablets can also come in various colors, shapes, and sizes, depending on the medication and manufacturer.

Ingredients

Capsules are usually filled with powder, granules, or liquid medication. The outer shells of capsules are designed to dissolve in the stomach, releasing the medication inside. Some capsules may also contain time-release beads or pellets that release the medication slowly over time. Tablets, on the other hand, are made by compressing the active ingredients with fillers and binders. Tablets can also contain coatings to make them easier to swallow or to protect the medication from stomach acid.

Administration

Capsules are typically swallowed whole with water. Some capsules can be opened and the contents mixed with food or liquid for easier administration, but this should only be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Tablets are also meant to be swallowed whole with water. However, some tablets can be crushed or split if necessary, but again, this should only be done as directed by a healthcare provider.

Storage

Capsules are generally more stable than tablets when it comes to storage. Capsules are less likely to break or degrade when exposed to moisture or air. However, capsules can be affected by extreme temperatures, so it is important to store them in a cool, dry place. Tablets, on the other hand, can be more sensitive to moisture and air, which can cause them to break down or become less effective. Tablets should be stored in a cool, dry place away from moisture and heat.

Absorption

When it comes to absorption, capsules are often absorbed more quickly than tablets. This is because the outer shell of the capsule dissolves in the stomach, allowing the medication to be released and absorbed into the bloodstream faster. Tablets, on the other hand, may take longer to dissolve in the stomach before the medication can be absorbed. However, some tablets are designed to dissolve quickly for faster absorption.

Cost

In terms of cost, capsules are generally more expensive to manufacture than tablets. This is because capsules require specialized equipment and processes to produce the gelatin shells and fill them with medication. Tablets, on the other hand, are easier and cheaper to manufacture since they only require compressing the active ingredients with fillers and binders. As a result, capsules may be more expensive for consumers compared to tablets.

Conclusion

In conclusion, capsules and tablets have their own unique attributes that make them suitable for different types of medications and patient preferences. While capsules are often easier to swallow and absorb quickly, tablets are more cost-effective and stable for storage. Ultimately, the choice between capsules and tablets will depend on the specific medication, patient needs, and healthcare provider recommendations. It is important to follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider and pharmacist when taking either form of medication.