Australian Government vs. England Government

Attribute	Australian Government	England Government
Head of State	Queen Elizabeth II	Queen Elizabeth II
Head of Government	Prime Minister	Prime Minister
Legislature	Parliament	Parliament
Political System	Constitutional Monarchy	Constitutional Monarchy
Capital City	Canberra	London

Political System

Australia and England both have parliamentary systems of government, but there are some key differences between the two. In Australia, the government is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy. The head of state is the monarch of England, represented by the Governor-General. The Parliament consists of two houses - the House of Representatives and the Senate. The Prime Minister is the head of government and is appointed by the Governor-General. In contrast, England has a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy as well. The head of state is the monarch of England, represented by the Prime Minister. The Parliament consists of two houses - the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Prime Minister is the head of government and is appointed by the monarch.

Electoral System

When it comes to the electoral system, Australia and England have different methods for electing their representatives. In Australia, the electoral system is based on the preferential voting system. This means that voters rank candidates in order of preference on the ballot paper. If a candidate does not receive a majority of first-preference votes, the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated, and their votes are redistributed based on the voters' second preferences. This process continues until one candidate has a majority of votes. In England, the electoral system is based on the first-past-the-post system. This means that voters simply mark an X next to their preferred candidate, and the candidate with the most votes wins, even if they do not have a majority of votes.

Role of the Monarch

One of the major differences between the Australian and English governments is the role of the monarch. In Australia, the monarch of England is the head of state, but their powers are largely ceremonial. The Governor-General represents the monarch in Australia and performs ceremonial duties on their behalf. The Governor-General also has some reserve powers, such as the ability to dissolve Parliament and call elections. In contrast, the monarch of England has a more active role in the government. The monarch opens and closes sessions of Parliament, gives royal assent to legislation, and appoints the Prime Minister. However, these powers are largely symbolic, and the monarch must act on the advice of the Prime Minister and the government.

Separation of Powers

Both Australia and England have a system of separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government. In Australia, the executive branch is made up of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet, who are responsible for implementing laws and running the government. The legislative branch is the Parliament, which is responsible for making laws. The judicial branch is independent of the other branches and is responsible for interpreting and applying the law. In England, the executive branch is made up of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet, who are responsible for implementing laws and running the government. The legislative branch is the Parliament, which is responsible for making laws. The judicial branch is independent of the other branches and is responsible for interpreting and applying the law.

Local Government

Local government in Australia and England also differs in some aspects. In Australia, local government is responsible for providing services and facilities to local communities, such as waste management, libraries, and parks. Local councils are elected by residents and have the power to make decisions on local issues. In England, local government is similar in that it is responsible for providing services and facilities to local communities. However, the structure of local government in England is different, with some areas having unitary authorities and others having two-tier systems with county councils and district councils. Local councils in England are also elected by residents and have the power to make decisions on local issues.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while Australia and England both have parliamentary systems of government, there are some key differences between the two. From the electoral system to the role of the monarch to the structure of local government, each country has its own unique characteristics that shape the way their governments operate. Understanding these differences can provide insight into the political systems of Australia and England and how they function to serve their respective populations.