AfD vs. National Rally

Attribute	AfD	National Rally
Ideology	Right-wing populism, nationalism	Far-right nationalism, anti-immigration
Country	Germany	France
Leader	Alexander Gauland	Marine Le Pen
Founded	2013	1972
Political Position	Right-wing	Far-right

Background

The Alternative for Germany (AfD) and the National Rally (formerly known as the National Front) are two right-wing populist political parties in Europe. AfD was founded in 2013 in Germany, while National Rally was founded in 1972 in France. Both parties have gained significant support in their respective countries in recent years, with a focus on anti-immigration and Eurosceptic policies.

Ideology

AfD is known for its anti-immigration stance, advocating for stricter border controls and limits on immigration. The party also opposes multiculturalism and has been criticized for its nationalist rhetoric. National Rally, on the other hand, has a similar anti-immigration platform but also emphasizes French nationalism and protectionism. Both parties are critical of the European Union and support policies that prioritize national sovereignty.

Leadership

AfD is led by a collective leadership structure, with a federal board and regional leaders. The party has faced internal divisions and power struggles, with different factions vying for control. National Rally, on the other hand, is led by Marine Le Pen, who took over from her father Jean-Marie Le Pen in 2011. Marine Le Pen has worked to soften the party's image and broaden its appeal to a wider audience.

Electoral Success

AfD has experienced significant electoral success in Germany, particularly in the eastern states where it has won seats in regional parliaments. The party entered the Bundestag for the first time in 2017, becoming the third-largest party in the German parliament. National Rally has also seen success in France, with Marine Le Pen reaching the second round of the presidential election in 2017. The party has gained seats in the French National Assembly and the European Parliament.

Controversies

AfD has faced criticism for its links to far-right groups and individuals, as well as for controversial statements made by some of its members. The party has been accused of downplaying Germany's Nazi past and promoting xenophobic views. National Rally has also been embroiled in controversies, with accusations of racism and anti-Semitism leveled against some of its members. Marine Le Pen has sought to distance the party from its extremist roots and present a more moderate image.

International Relations

AfD has sought to establish ties with other right-wing populist parties in Europe, such as the National Rally in France and the Freedom Party in Austria. The party has also expressed support for US President Donald Trump and his policies. National Rally has similarly aligned itself with other right-wing parties in Europe, forming alliances in the European Parliament and advocating for a more nationalist approach to politics.

Conclusion

While AfD and National Rally share some similarities in their anti-immigration and Eurosceptic policies, they also have distinct differences in their approach to nationalism and leadership. Both parties have faced controversies and criticism for their views, but have also seen electoral success in their respective countries. As right-wing populist movements continue to gain traction in Europe, the influence of parties like AfD and National Rally is likely to grow.