Act vs. Case

Attribute	Act	Case
Definition	A written law passed by a legislative body	A legal dispute between parties brought before a court
Enforcement	Enforced by government authorities	Enforced by the judiciary
Creation	Created by the legislative branch	Created by parties involved in the dispute
Scope	Applies to a broad range of situations	Specific to the parties and circumstances of the case
Authority	Derived from the government's legislative power	Derived from the court's judicial power

Definition

Acts and cases are two different types of legal documents that are used in the legal system. An act is a piece of legislation that has been passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament or congress. It is a formal written document that outlines laws, rules, and regulations that must be followed. On the other hand, a case refers to a specific legal dispute or controversy that is brought before a court for resolution. It involves two or more parties who present their arguments and evidence to a judge or jury.

Authority

Acts are considered primary sources of law, meaning that they are the highest form of legal authority. They are created by the legislative branch of government and have the power to create, amend, or repeal laws. Acts are binding on all individuals and organizations within the jurisdiction in which they apply. Cases, on the other hand, are considered secondary sources of law. They are decisions made by judges in specific legal disputes and are used as precedents for future cases. While cases can be persuasive in influencing future decisions, they do not have the same level of authority as acts.

Scope

Acts typically have a broader scope than cases. They are designed to establish general rules and principles that apply to a wide range of situations. Acts can cover a variety of topics, such as criminal law, civil law, tax law, and administrative law. In contrast, cases are more specific in nature. They deal with the facts and circumstances of a particular dispute and are limited to the parties involved in the case. While cases can set important legal precedents, they do not have the same broad application as acts.

Format

Acts are usually structured in a formal and organized manner. They are divided into sections and subsections, with each section addressing a specific aspect of the law. Acts often include definitions, provisions, and schedules that outline the details of the law. Cases, on the other hand, are written in a narrative format. They typically begin with a summary of the facts of the case, followed by a discussion of the legal issues involved and the court's decision. Cases may also include dissenting opinions from judges who disagree with the majority ruling.

Interpretation

Acts are interpreted by courts and legal scholars to determine their meaning and application. Courts may look at the legislative history of an act, as well as the intent of the lawmakers who passed it, to understand its purpose. Acts may also be subject to judicial review to ensure that they are consistent with higher laws, such as a constitution. Cases, on the other hand, are interpreted by courts to determine how they apply to specific legal disputes. Judges may look at previous cases with similar facts or legal issues to guide their interpretation of the law.

Effectiveness

Acts are generally more effective in creating and changing laws than cases. Acts have the force of law behind them and are binding on all individuals and organizations within the jurisdiction in which they apply. Acts can be enforced by government agencies and courts, and individuals who violate them may face legal consequences. Cases, on the other hand, are limited to the specific parties involved in the dispute. While cases can set important legal precedents, they do not have the same widespread impact as acts.