Across vs. Cross

Attribute	Across	Cross
Definition	From one side to the other side	Intersecting or moving in a different direction
Usage	Commonly used as a preposition or adverb	Commonly used as a verb or noun
Etymology	Derived from Old English	Derived from Old Norse
Related Words	Across, across from, across the board	Cross, crossing, crossroads

Definition

Across and cross are two words that are often confused due to their similar spellings and pronunciation. However, they have distinct meanings and uses in the English language.

Across is a preposition that indicates movement from one side to another, typically over a surface. It can also be used as an adverb to describe something that extends from one side to another.

On the other hand, cross can be used as a noun, verb, or adjective. As a noun, it refers to a geometrical figure consisting of two intersecting lines. As a verb, it means to move from one side to another, often intersecting with something else. As an adjective, it describes something that is angry or annoyed.

Usage

Across is commonly used to describe movement from one point to another, such as "She walked across the street" or "The bridge spans across the river." It can also be used to indicate a position on the other side of something, as in "The store is across from the park."

Cross, on the other hand, is used in a variety of contexts. As a noun, it can refer to the symbol of Christianity or a mark made on a surface. As a verb, it can mean to intersect or traverse something, as in "She crossed the finish line first." As an adjective, it can describe someone who is annoyed or displeased, as in "He gave her a cross look."

Symbolism

Across is often used symbolically to represent a journey or transition from one state to another. For example, "She made great strides in her career, moving across the country to pursue her dreams." It can also symbolize connection or unity, as in "The bridge serves as a link across the river."

Cross, on the other hand, is a powerful symbol in Christianity, representing the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. It is also used more broadly to symbolize sacrifice, suffering, or overcoming obstacles. For example, "She bore her illness with grace, carrying her cross with dignity."

Etymology

The word across has its origins in Middle English, derived from the Old English word "on cros," meaning "on the cross." It has evolved over time to its current usage as a preposition and adverb indicating movement or position from one side to another.

Cross, on the other hand, comes from the Old English word "cruc," which is related to the Latin word "crux." It has retained its meaning of intersecting lines or the symbol of Christianity throughout its history in the English language.

Examples

• She swam across the lake to reach the other side.
• The road stretches across the entire countryside.
• He drew a cross on the paper to mark the spot.
• She had to cross the busy street to get to the store.

Conclusion

In conclusion, across and cross are two words with distinct meanings and uses in the English language. Across is primarily used as a preposition or adverb to indicate movement or position from one side to another, while cross can be used as a noun, verb, or adjective with various meanings related to intersecting lines, Christianity, or annoyance. Understanding the differences between these two words can help improve clarity and precision in communication.