ABS Filament vs. PLA Filament

Attribute	ABS Filament	PLA Filament
Material	Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene	Polylactic Acid
Extrusion Temperature	Around 220-250°C	Around 180-220°C
Printing Bed Temperature	Heated bed recommended	Heated bed not required
Strength	Durable and impact-resistant	Less durable but more rigid
Flexibility	Less flexible	More flexible
Biodegradability	Non-biodegradable	Biodegradable

Introduction

When it comes to 3D printing, choosing the right filament is crucial for achieving the desired results. Two of the most popular types of filaments used in 3D printing are ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and PLA (Polylactic Acid). Both filaments have their own unique attributes that make them suitable for different applications. In this article, we will compare the attributes of ABS filament and PLA filament to help you make an informed decision when selecting the right filament for your 3D printing projects.

Material Composition

ABS filament is a petroleum-based thermoplastic polymer that is known for its strength and durability. It is a popular choice for 3D printing functional parts and prototypes due to its high impact resistance and heat tolerance. On the other hand, PLA filament is a biodegradable thermoplastic polymer that is derived from renewable resources such as cornstarch or sugarcane. It is known for its ease of use and environmental friendliness, making it a popular choice for hobbyists and beginners in 3D printing.

Printability

ABS filament requires a heated print bed to prevent warping and ensure adhesion to the build platform. It also emits a strong odor during printing, which may be a concern for some users. PLA filament, on the other hand, does not require a heated print bed and has a lower printing temperature compared to ABS. It also emits a sweet, candy-like odor during printing, which is more pleasant than the smell of ABS. Overall, PLA filament is easier to print with for beginners and hobbyists.

Strength and Durability

ABS filament is known for its high strength and impact resistance, making it suitable for functional parts that require durability. It is also more flexible than PLA filament, which can be an advantage in certain applications. However, ABS is prone to warping and may require an enclosed print chamber to prevent delamination. PLA filament is more brittle than ABS and has lower impact resistance, but it is stiffer and more rigid. It is less prone to warping and does not require an enclosed print chamber.

Biodegradability

One of the key advantages of PLA filament is its biodegradability, which makes it a more environmentally friendly option compared to ABS. PLA filament can be composted in industrial composting facilities, reducing its impact on the environment. On the other hand, ABS filament is not biodegradable and can take hundreds of years to decompose in landfills. If sustainability is a priority for your 3D printing projects, PLA filament is the better choice.

Post-Processing

ABS filament is more versatile than PLA when it comes to post-processing techniques such as sanding, painting, and acetone smoothing. ABS can be sanded and painted to achieve a smooth finish, and acetone vapor can be used to smooth out layer lines. PLA filament is more difficult to sand and paint due to its brittle nature, and acetone smoothing does not work on PLA. If you require post-processing for your 3D printed parts, ABS filament may be the better choice.

Conclusion

In conclusion, both ABS filament and PLA filament have their own unique attributes that make them suitable for different applications in 3D printing. ABS filament is known for its strength and durability, making it ideal for functional parts, while PLA filament is more environmentally friendly and easier to print with. When choosing between ABS and PLA filament, consider the specific requirements of your 3D printing projects and select the filament that best meets your needs.