2-Propanal vs. Propan-2-ol
What's the Difference?
2-Propanal and Propan-2-ol are both organic compounds that contain three carbon atoms. However, they differ in their functional groups and properties. 2-Propanal, also known as acetone, is an aldehyde with a carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain. It is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odor and is commonly used as a solvent in various industries. On the other hand, Propan-2-ol, also known as isopropanol or rubbing alcohol, is an alcohol with a hydroxyl group attached to the middle carbon atom. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild odor and is commonly used as a disinfectant and antiseptic. Overall, while both compounds have similar chemical structures, they have different functional groups and uses.
Comparison
| Attribute | 2-Propanal | Propan-2-ol |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C3H6O | C3H8O |
| Common Name | Isopropyl aldehyde | Isopropanol |
| Functional Group | Aldehyde | Alcohol |
| Boiling Point | 82.5 °C | 82.6 °C |
| Melting Point | -80.3 °C | -88.6 °C |
Further Detail
Chemical Structure
2-Propanal, also known as acetone, has a chemical formula of C3H6O. It is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odor. On the other hand, Propan-2-ol, also known as isopropanol or rubbing alcohol, has a chemical formula of C3H8O. It is a colorless liquid with a mild, sweet odor.
Physical Properties
2-Propanal has a boiling point of 56.05 degrees Celsius and a melting point of -94.7 degrees Celsius. It is highly volatile and flammable. Propan-2-ol, on the other hand, has a boiling point of 82.6 degrees Celsius and a melting point of -88.5 degrees Celsius. It is also flammable but less volatile than 2-Propanal.
Chemical Properties
2-Propanal is commonly used as a solvent in various industries due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances. It is also used in the production of plastics, fibers, and pharmaceuticals. Propan-2-ol is often used as a disinfectant, antiseptic, and solvent. It is also used in the production of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and cleaning products.
Toxicity
2-Propanal is considered to be moderately toxic and can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of 2-Propanal can lead to headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Propan-2-ol is also toxic but less so than 2-Propanal. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system, but is generally considered to be safe for use in household products when used as directed.
Uses
- 2-Propanal is commonly used as a solvent in the production of plastics, fibers, and pharmaceuticals.
- Propan-2-ol is often used as a disinfectant, antiseptic, and solvent in household products.
- 2-Propanal is used in the production of cosmetics and cleaning products.
- Propan-2-ol is used in the production of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Conclusion
In conclusion, 2-Propanal and Propan-2-ol are both important chemicals with various industrial and household uses. While they have some similarities in terms of chemical structure and properties, they also have distinct differences in terms of toxicity and uses. Understanding these differences is crucial for ensuring safe and effective use of these chemicals in various applications.
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